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nucleus

noun

/ˈnu kli əs/

IPA:

Dictionary definition of nucleus

A central and vital component of an atom, residing at its core.
"The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of electrons."

Detailed meaning of nucleus

It is primarily composed of protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons. Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons are electrically neutral. The nucleus contains most of the atom's mass, as protons and neutrons are significantly more massive than electrons. This dense and tightly packed region is surrounded by a cloud of orbiting electrons. The strong nuclear force binds the protons and neutrons together, overcoming the electromagnetic repulsion between positively charged protons. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atom's atomic number, defining its chemical identity. Additionally, the nucleus stores the majority of an atom's potential energy. Understanding the properties and behavior of the nucleus is crucial in comprehending the structure of matter, nuclear reactions, and the immense energy released in processes such as nuclear fusion and fission.

Example sentences containing nucleus

1. The nucleus is the central control center of a cell.
2. The atomic nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
3. The nucleus of an atom is incredibly tiny compared to the overall size of the atom.
4. The nucleus of a comet consists of ice, dust, and small rocky particles.
5. The nucleus of a cell houses the genetic material, including DNA.
6. The scientist studied the structure and function of the cell nucleus.

History and etymology of nucleus

The noun 'nucleus' has its etymological roots in Latin. It is derived from the Latin word 'nucleus,' which means 'kernel' or 'core.' This Latin term is a diminutive form of 'nux,' which translates to 'nut.' In its original sense, 'nucleus' referred to the central, essential part of a fruit, much like the pit or core of a nut. This term was later adopted in the field of science to describe the central and vital component of an atom, residing at its core and containing protons and neutrons. The etymology of 'nucleus' is particularly apt, as it reflects the notion of a central and essential core, whether in the context of a fruit or the heart of an atom, underscoring its fundamental importance in both natural and scientific contexts.

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Further usage examples of nucleus

1. The atomic nucleus plays a crucial role in determining the chemical properties of an element.
2. The nurse observed abnormalities in the red blood cell nucleus under the microscope.
3. The teacher explained how the nucleus is responsible for the production of ribosomes.
4. The nucleus of a neuron contains the genetic information needed for cell function.
5. The formation of a new star begins with the collapse and fusion of gas within its nucleus.
6. The chemist analyzed the composition of the atomic nucleus using advanced techniques.
7. The nucleus of an egg cell combines with the sperm nucleus during fertilization.
8. The control of cell division and replication is regulated by signals from the nucleus.
9. The nucleus of an animal cell is typically located near the center of the cell.
10. The genetic material stored in the nucleus determines the traits and characteristics of an organism.
11. The biologist examined the nucleus of a plant cell to study its organelles and structures.
12. The nucleus acts as a storage site for RNA molecules involved in protein synthesis.
13. The presence of a well-defined nucleus distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells.
14. The scientist discovered a rare mutation in the nucleus of a cancer cell, providing insights for potential treatments.